The Worker Next Door - 884 Words

Matt Clendening Eng 1301 6th 1/24/10 Klepper The Worker Next Door In the essay â€Å"The Worker Next Door† written by Dr.Chris Chiswick, the author addresses the illegal immigrant problem in America, and gives several questionable reasons how if the flow of illegal immigrants were deterred, jobs would still be filled, and life would go on as usual, or even better. Dr.Chiswick wrote a not too convincing essay, having many places where he could have improved or even left out certain parts of his essay that would have made this writing better, and more realistic to his audience. I spotted a couple areas where the author went on a tangent of barely related areas to illegal immigration. Along with that, it doesn’t really seem like he tried to†¦show more content†¦Have you noticed how in this very essay, there doesn’t seem to be a nice flow between topics, and that things may at times, seem fairly irrelevant to the subject at hand? This is how i felt while reading â€Å"The Worker Next Door†. Chiswicks organization is flawed, jumping from claim to claimShow MoreRelatedThe Kellogg s Factory Makes Pop Tarts894 Words   |  4 Pagesall that intense packaging. Meanwhile, a worker from Iced Toaster Treats sneaks in unknowingly into our Control Department. I kept working. The worker pours in some kind of substance from a little silver packet into our mixing formula and silently makes his way out. I heard footsteps behind me. â€Å"Hey get out of here!† I yelled to him. He scrambled away. I walk to the control department where he had walked from. I saw an aluminum packet on the floor next to the mixing formula, but I didn t thinkRead MoreEssay about Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire1676 Words   |  7 Pageswork fast, even if that meant in the hot, overcrowded conditions of garment factories. Conditions were horrid and disaster was inevitable, and disaster did strike in March, 1911. The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory in New York set on fire, killing 146 workers. This is an important event in US history because it helped accomplish the tasks unions and strikes had tried to accomplish years earlier, It improved working conditions in factori es nationwide and set new safety laws and regulations so that nothingRead MoreA Report On The Association1158 Words   |  5 PagesAs I twiddle my thumbs in the early light of the morning, I haven’t heard the milk steamer stop screaming for more than 30 seconds. I see the two front doors as one giant revolving door; one person leaves, and another enters with the Sandman riding shotgun under their eyes. As each person slowly stumbles in one by one the smell of coffee begins to fill every crevice in the room. I wait in a short line, but I am quickly greeted by a woman with a warm smile who offers me a friendly, â€Å"Good morningRead MoreEssay on Questions for Critical Thinking 11553 Words   |  7 Pagesthe nearest buyer would be $20 per ton. In the meantime, a business next door just went bankrupt and the bank is offering a special deal where you can buy another 100 tons of steel for $180 per ton. Assume that the interest rate is 0%. Which of the following are correct? a. Sell your 100 tons at the going market price of $250 and make a profit of $30 per ton ($50 less $20 cost of shipping). b. Buy the 100 tons next door at $180 and resell at a price of $250 less $20 shipping, for a netRead MoreWhat is quality Essay543 Words   |  3 PagesWhat does quality mean to you? Every day I meet three businesses that uphold different sets of what they call a quality. In the morning when I go to work, when I open the front door of my home, I face the view of a small canteen, operated by three ladies. Their market is the workers of a police headquarter about several hundred meters away from my home. What is quality in this canteen? Quality here means that all food is warm and freshly made on the same day. It should taste better than other foodRead MoreEssay on unit 401528 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscriminated). This links to Amy because with Amy having dementia she may do certain things that are not appropriate. An example could be when she goes to the toilet she decide not to close the door and leave it wide open for people see inside. As one of her care workers it would be my duty to try my best to close the door. As much as Amy may protest it is part of my job to protect Amy’s privacy and dignity. The Mental Capacity act The mental capacity act has been put into place to make it possible forRead MoreThe Effects Of The Triangle Fire Of 19111611 Words   |  7 PagesA year after shirtwaist workers thought they had won a war, the Triangle Fire proved that it had merely been a battle. Under the Triangle Shirtwaist Company owners, Max Blanck and Isaac Harris, the men and women laboring to sew waist skirts were dissatisfied with their terrible working conditions and low wages. While working, the garment workers, made up of mostly poor Italian and Jewish women immigrants, would constantly be yelled at and called sexist slurs by bosses, and forced to work long, tiringRead MoreA Dark Gloomy Night By Leonardo Da Vinci1504 Words   |  7 Pagesher head. Her light blue eyes were practically glowing. â€Å"What painting,† I asked in submitance because I knew she wouldn’t give up. â€Å"The Mona Lisa, you probably haven’t heard of it,† Melodie said disappointedly. Melodie worked at the cafà © next to the famous Louvre museum, so naturally she would be the first on to hear about it. â€Å"It’s the painting by Leonardo Da Vinci with the woman on the dreary background and she’s kind of smiling,† She explained excitedly. I looked at her in questionRead MoreThe Building Owned By The Triangle Waist Company1561 Words   |  7 PagesBuilding owned by the Triangle Waist Company. According to the owners, Max Blanck and Isaac Harris were practicing a common procedure in many factories to prevent workers from taking extra breaks and preventing theft. They locked the exit doors. These owners, weren’t held accountable for the deaths of the 146 employees. Numerous workers could not escape from the eighth, ninth and tenth floors. Max Blanck and Isaac Harris would go to trial for their actions of ignoring poor work conditions againstRead MoreCustomers Always Right?1283 Words   |  6 Pagestimes of day and night and I can almost predict the type (crazy and crazier) of customers at the same time of the month as well. Customers at Roadies range from somewhat normal and polite to disrespectful. The customers in the morning are mainly farm workers and 95% don’t speak English. So, I make do with the language barrier. A coworker of mine, Sarah Divina asked, â€Å"Will it hurt them (Mexicans) to at least try to learn some English? I can understand if they’re new in this country, but most of them had

Critique Of Stephen Seamands Ministry - 1540 Words

Critique of Stephen Seamands’ Ministry in the Image of God Trinitarian Ministry Stephen Seamands proffers a Trinitarian description of Christian Ministry as the ministry of Jesus Christ, the Son, to the Father, through the Holy Spirit, for the sake of the church and the world. The author seems to presume that many in the Christian faith have not adequately observed or applied the doctrine of the Trinity significantly in the vocation of ministry. It is with this perception that he postulates a Trinitarian approach of ministry that emphasizes communion with God shaping our language about God to shape our heart so we might share in the life of God. In arriving at his conclusions, Seamands uses well-grounded Scriptural foundations, along with a descriptive of the Icon of the Holy Trinity painted in 1425 by a Russian Monk, Andrei Rublev, including the historical significance that is traced back to the Enlightenment, and the findings of renowned theologians beginning with Karl Barth. The preponderance of evidence provided supports the authorâ₠¬â„¢s contention that the grammar of the Christian faith and life is rooted in the doctrine of the Trinity having created the current Trinitarian renaissance. There are three foundational points in this theological approach that provide comprehension for that which seems beyond understanding --- God in one being; God in three persons. First, the main idea is centered on joining with Christ in the continuing ministry that substantiates the

Strategies for Supporting Team Members †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About the Strategies for Supporting Team Members? Answer: Introduction The team effectiveness can be terminated as the capacity of particular teams to accomplish the goals as well as the objectives of the organization (Wang Waldman and Zhang 2014). A team is considered as the collection of the people interdependent in their tasks and they share responsibilities for shared outcomes. The group cohesiveness and the team work are essential components of the team effectiveness (Wang Waldman and Zhang 2014). It is important to perform the evaluation of the team so that they are on the way to achieve effective team outcomes. The leaders should be in strategic position to lead and manage the team in an effective manner. BizOps are engaged in the sales of exclusive phone products all around Australia. The business aims to give high quality of products as well as innovative services to the customers. This would require outstanding team efforts and good team performance so that the organizational goals are achieved. This paper would define the documentation process of the organization regarding the plans, strategies and methods that would be used to lead as well as manage the different teams located at the retail outlets. This document would be useful for the evaluation of the effectiveness of the team leadership performance. Discussion Purpose, role, accountability and responsibilities of team Our organizations mission is to provide high quality, innovative products to the customers. It is also committed to meet the changing needs of the customers. The organization is engaged in the delivery of the speedy as well as personalized services to the customers. The business goals of the organization include maintaining financial stability, securing the market position and recruiting the right people in the organization. This goal would not be achieved without the help of the employees and the team members. The purpose of creating the teams in the retail outlet is better understanding of the organizational decisions and increased participation of the members (Wang Waldman and Zhang 2014). The increased participation of the members help in better implementation of the policies, decisions and rules of the organization. The teams would also help in better problem solving activities of the organization (Dingsoyr and Dyba 2012,). There would be different kinds of roles of the team such as combining resources or competencies so that the organizational objectives are accomplished. There would be cross functional teams which would enable greater functional competencies to combine on shared objectives. The responsibilities of the teams would include the management of the day to day operations, impart training, listen to each others feedback, engage in clear communication and others (Wang Waldman and Zhang 2014). The team leaders would be responsible for designing the timeline that their teams wo uld need to reach the end goal. Performance Plan Every team exists for specific purpose at the workplace and there are variety of teams that function in the workplace (Wang Waldman and Zhang 2014). The purpose of the teams is to achieve the organizational goal and more importantly achieve the teams individual goals (Gong et al. 2013). The team members are expected to fulfil particular outcomes, goals and key performance indicators as per their job profile and achieve them periodically. All the team members are needed to achieve the goals of the organization and take suitable actions for fulfilling them (Gong et al. 2013). The effective teams are characterised by shared vision and accountability of each team member. The performance plan for the employees of BizOps is concerned with the increase in the number of customers and the implementation of sustainable business practices. The performance plan for the employees are described as under- Goal Increase the number of loyal customers by 20 percent over a period of eight months KPI Marketing executives are expected to make 30 walk in per day at sale outlets and make average sales of 12 per day Action Required Team Cohesiveness Team Communication Team training Team Rapport Brainstorming sessions Support Assistant Team Leader Team Leader Operations Manager Training Manager Completed by 15/06/17 Evaluation of performance Team leader to monitor the interaction of the sales executives and customers Results of customer handling techniques to be compared with results recorded prior to training Fig: Performance Plan for BizOps Enterprises Source: Created by Author Strategies for supporting team members It is important to ensure that the team members are meeting their desired outcomes for the team performance (Kauffeld and Lehmann-Willenbrock 2012). There would be formulation of specific objectives that would help in the achievement of team objectives. The managers should define the membership role as well as functions of individual team members. For example, the outlet manager is responsible for the overall management of the operational activites so that there is an increase in the sales of the outlets. The sales staff should be assigned duties of meeting, greeting and answering the doubts of the customers. The team leader should have clear understanding of the different team projects. The strategies of the team should be designed by keeping in mind the abilities as well as skills of the team members (Gong et al. 2013). This would help the leaders to allocate appropriate tasks to them. There should be mutual responsibility as well as accountability of theh team and this should be e nforced by the team leaders (Baur and Schmitz 2012). The members should be developed capacities that enable them to take responsibility of their efforts. There would be consultative approach in gaining the inputs of the team members regarding the decision making activity within the team (Gong et al. 2013). There should be open views regarding the team decisions where every member would be allowed to share their viewpoints. A high level of participation would be encouraged which would increase the productivity of the team (Wheelan 2014). The participation rate is directly proportional to the level of commitment. There would also be periodic training and development for the employees which would be based on the skill gap of the employees (Gong et al. 2013). It would address the key performance indiciators and try to enhance the skills of the employees so that they are able to fulfil these critierias. Strategies- Input of team members in planning, decision making and operational aspects The inputs of the team members in the matters of planning, operations and decision making activity are important as they are the ground levels of employees whose feedback can be valuable for meeting the organizational objectives (Gong et al. 2013). The following steps would be understaken for this purpose- Encouraging contribution- The genuine contribution of the team members should be sought from the employees by giving them sufficient importance and making them feel valuable. Foster clear channels of communication- There should be transparent communication between the team members and all the messages of the management should be clearly communicated to the team (Lee et al. 2012). It is also important to facilitate group discussion in the team and brainstorming sessions would be helpful for this purpose. Associating benefits for higher participation rates- The organization would give both financial as well as non-finacial benefits for more participation in the team activities (Gong et al. 2013). Increased cooperation- The team should engage in supporting each other and the mutual cooperation would help the team to realise its potential (Hoever et al. 2012). The organization would strive to provide the best environment for the team so that the team can help each other in good faith. Fostering high level of trust- There should be high levels of team collaboration and understanding among the team members which would help them to engage in the team planning process (Davenport 2013). Ensure accountability- The employees should be made responsible for their own work and they should know thei job duties well (Lee et al. 2012). Strategies for participation of team members in team activities The team members should be encouraged for taking responsibilities of the team activities which includes giving attention to the communication process also (Lee et al. 2012). The various strategies for encouraging the participation of the team members are defined as follows- Encouraging ownership- Team members would contribute more to the project if thee is inbuilt sense of ownership. The team members should identify with the success of the team and they should treat the project as their own (Avey Wernsing and Palanski 2012). They would be given the freedom to experiment with different solutions when face with problematic situation. Giving chance to everyone to speak- It would be evident that some team members would be self confident/assertive while the others would be shy/quiet. The meetings should be structured so that everyone receives equal opportunity to speak (Kaner 2014). The team members should be encouraged about articulating their ideas Set a good example- The senior management of the firm should engage in providing good examples to the team members they are motivated about the work. Development and facilitation of team cohesion It is important to support team cohesion in BizOps and allow the team members to take responsibility of their work and help others in fulfilling the team objectives. The draft policy and set of procedures for achieving this are outlined below- All employees would be guided by the managers regarding their roles and responsibilities in the organization. They can seek clarification from the manager and when required. There would be excellent modes of communication that would be used for promoting team work (Lee et al. 2012). There would be sharing of information, building of trust and active listening to the grievances process. The communication level should be clear across all hierarchal levels. All the team members would be given a chance to present their viewpoints and they should their concerns at that time only. The team leads would encourage the employees to give more contribution to the day to day activities of the team and the overall team success. The employees would be held accountable for their work and ever individual should be answerable for his/her work responsibilities (Lee et al. 2012). There would be frequent team workshops which would aim to increase the motivation level of the employees. Formal feedback process The feedback process is important for improving the performance of the employees. A mere personal development plan is not sufficient to give valuable feedback to the employees (Lee et al. 2012). The feedback process should encourages, rewards as well as values the contribution of the employees (Mowday Porter and Steers 2013). The different leadership techniques as well as strategies for this purpose are defined follows- Positive One- The feedback process should be a positive one and it should be aimed at improving the quality of the performance of the team members (Lee et al. 2012). It should be taken in a friendly manner and the conversation with the employees should be done in a warm way. Timely- The feedback process should not hamper the work of the employees and it should have proper time which is suitable for the team members and their performances (Lee et al. 2012). Regular Process- The feedback process should be a regular one and the time duration should be fixed by the management (Lee et al. 2012). The duration would rest on the decision of the management. Constructive Criticism- The leaders should engage in providing constructive criticism to the employees that would help the individuals grow (West 2012). Grievance redressal process The problems, issues and the grievances of the employees should be identified ans suitable solutions would be provided to them- Identification of the issues- The team leaders would engage in identification of the actual reasons of the problems. Understanding the best interests- It is important to understand each others viewpoints who are involved in the problem. It is important to engage in active listening process (Vanicek and Krakiwsky 2015). Listing of the possible solutions- The probable solution of the problem should be listed and this can be done by brainstorming sessions (Lee et al. 2012). Evaluation of the possible options- The probable solutions would be evaluated by understanding their advantages as well as disadvantages. Documentation of the agreements- There should be proper documentation of the issues and the solutions. It is important to write down the details (Vanicek and Krakiwsky 2015). Focussing on the contingencies- The situations may change and hence it is important to focus on the continengies (Kattner 2012). Role model for the team I, retail outlet manager, would ensure that my contribution to the team would act as role model for the team members and it would also improve the image of the organization among the stakeholders. It is important that the manager has qualities which helps in the motivation of the team members and this would enhance their performance (Vanicek and Krakiwsky 2015). The manager should demonstrate confidence as well as leadership so that the team members are themselves confident (Rana et al. 2015). They should be not be afraid to be unique and incorporate innovativeness. They should show respect as well as concern for others, which would make the team members to show concern for each other. The leaders should have humility as well as the capability to accept their own mistakes (Kattner 2012). This would make the team members admit their individual mistakes when the situation demands so. The manager should have sufficient knowledge and they should know how to manage contingent situations ( Larose 2014). Communication process The communication process should be proper and there should be individualised communication mode for different mode of the stakeholders (Vanicek and Krakiwsky 2015). The senior management should be communicated through the help of email, newsletters, videoconferencing and face to face discussion (Northouse 2012). The outlet managers should be communicated thorugh staff meetings, emailand others. The sales staffs would be contacted through the help of intranets, company email and feedback sessions. The customers of the company should be contacted through phone calls, personal interaction, email, social media network and others (Vanicek and Krakiwsky 2015). The recruitment agencies should be contacted through telephonic conversations, meetings, teleconferencing and others. Two way communciation flow There would be two way communication process between the team members, which would ensure that the performance issues are addressed properly. There should be sender and receiver, which would operate in an area of minimal external distractions (McQuail and Windahl 2015). The employes should be asked feedback about the organization and about their individual job roles. Regular feedbacks should be taken about the organizational rules and processes. Any views of the employees should be respected and they should be encouraged to give valuable advices (Vanicek and Krakiwsky 2015). The organization should also focus on communicating with the team members about the important organizational norms (Bouhafs Mackay and Merabti 2012). This should be facilitated by different kinds of communication tools such as chatrooms, instant messaging, telephone conversations, in-person communication and others (Vanicek and Krakiwsky 2015). It is important that the organization should foster two way communica tion process in which the organizatons would share their feedbacks with the employees and they in turn would share any grievances with the management. The employee would be given sufficient options to justify their actions or cite reasons for any deviations in performances. The employees are required to adhere to the rules of the management and at the same time, they should be given an opportunity to be heard. Conclusion The team effectiveness is one of the most important aspects of the organization. The success or the failure of the organization depends solely on the effectiveness of the teams. This document defined the different team operational procedures in BizOps Enterprise. The purpose of creating the teams in the retail outlet is better understanding of the organizational decisions and increased participation of the members. A key performance plan is formulated based on the goals, key KPI and action required for effective teams. The managers should define the membership role as well as functions of individual team members. Different strategies are formulated for making the teams participate in the planning, decision making and operational aspects. The different strategies for participation of team members in team activities are explored. A draft policy has been prepared for development and facilitation of team cohesion. The different leadership techniques for formal feedback process is defined . The grievance redressal process of the organization is explored. The communication process that would be implemented in the outlets are defined in detail. This report would make it clear about the process of team effectiveness that would be followed in the given organization. References Avey, J.B., Wernsing, T.S. and Palanski, M.E., 2012. Exploring the process of ethical leadership: The mediating role of employee voice and psychological ownership.Journal of Business Ethics,107(1), pp.21-34. Baur, D. and Schmitz, H.P., 2012. Corporations and NGOs: When accountability leads to co-optation.Journal of Business Ethics,106(1), pp.9-21. Bouhafs, F., Mackay, M. and Merabti, M., 2012. Links to the future: Communication requirements and challenges in the smart grid.IEEE Power and Energy Magazine,10(1), pp.24-32. Davenport, T.H., 2013.Process innovation: reengineering work through information technology. Harvard Business Press. Dingsyr, T. and Dyb, T., 2012, June. Team effectiveness in software development: Human and cooperative aspects in team effectiveness models and priorities for future studies. InProceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Co-operative and Human Aspects of Software Engineering(pp. 27-29). IEEE Press. Gong, Y., Kim, T.Y., Lee, D.R. and Zhu, J., 2013. A multilevel model of team goal orientation, information exchange, and creativity.Academy of Management Journal,56(3), pp.827-851. Hoever, I.J., Van Knippenberg, D., Van Ginkel, W.P. and Barkema, H.G., 2012. Fostering team creativity: perspective taking as key to unlocking diversity's potential.Journal of Applied Psychology,97(5), p.982. Kaner, S., 2014.Facilitator's guide to participatory decision-making. John Wiley Sons. Kattner, F., 2012. Revisiting the relation between contingency awareness and attention: Evaluative conditioning relies on a contingency focus.Cognition emotion,26(1), pp.166-175. Kauffeld, S. and Lehmann-Willenbrock, N., 2012. Meetings matter: Effects of team meetings on team and organizational success.Small Group Research,43(2), pp.130-158. Larose, D.T., 2014.Discovering knowledge in data: an introduction to data mining. John Wiley Sons. Lee, S., Tang, C., Park, S.Y. and Chen, Y., 2012, February. Loosely formed patient care teams: communication challenges and technology design. InProceedings of the ACM 2012 conference on computer supported cooperative work(pp. 867-876). ACM. McQuail, D. and Windahl, S., 2015.Communication models for the study of mass communications. Routledge. Mowday, R.T., Porter, L.W. and Steers, R.M., 2013.Employeeorganization linkages: The psychology of commitment, absenteeism, and turnover. Academic press. Northouse, P.G., 2012.Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage. Hamilton, C., 2013.Communicating for results: A guide for business and the professions. Cengage Learning. Rana, N.P., Dwivedi, Y.K., Williams, M.D. and Lal, B., 2015. Examining the success of the online public grievance redressal systems: an extension of the IS success model.Information Systems Management,32(1), pp.39-59. Vanicek, P. and Krakiwsky, E.J., 2015.Geodesy: the concepts. Elsevier. Wang, D., Waldman, D.A. and Zhang, Z., 2014. A meta-analysis of shared leadership and team effectiveness. West, M.A., 2012.Effective teamwork: Practical lessons from organizational research. John Wiley Sons. Wheelan, S.A., 2014.Creating effective teams: A guide for members and leaders. Sage Publications.

Who Is The Tragic Hero, Antigone Or Creon Essays - Operas, Antigone

Who Is the Tragic Hero, Antigone or Creon? This analysis is to determine the character that fits the tragic hero profile; it was completely based according to the Aristotelian idea of tragic hero and it is understood that hero is: "...neither purely evil or purely wicked; the hero must born in the high social status, and he/she must possess a tragic flaw which is proper from the inner side of the character; it usually manifests in the form of poor judgment and or arrogance, condemning him/herself into a catastrophic finality and in the meanwhile, establishes other character's destiny" (Eschbach 02/17,). Either Antigone or Creon is situated in the highest level of the social hierarchy. Creon became the king of Thebes, after his two nephews killed each other over the throne; Antigone (Creon's niece), was an orphan who happened to be Creon's future daughter in law. Both presented moral values, differing exclusively on the situation they were applied. Creon's actions towards the people reflected honesty and equal treatment upon the laws he made. Antigone's actions towards the burial of her brother (although he fought against his country, she taught that he deserved to be buried), reflected fidelity and respect upon the religious tradition and the gods' laws. However, both presented hubris, which made either one wrong.; Creon would not accept anybody's disobedience against his laws, and Antigone, on the other hand, would not give up on her brother's burial. In this case, Creon is wrong because he does not have the right to choose the person that could be buried; his laws could not interv ene the gods' laws. Antigone is just as wrong as Creon. By disobeying the men's laws, she automatically disobeyed the gods' laws as well. After a profound analysis of the tragedy, I strongly think that Antigone is not able to be a tragic heroine. Although she encounters the high status of the social hierarchy, her hubris, her moral values and philosophy of living, she is not as adequate as Creon is in Aristotle's profile. Antigone possesses all moral values to be, somewhat, a heroine (not a tragic one); she is an eminent example of someone who did what she thought it was right to do (Polynieces' burial), and while she was among danger, obstacles and people who were cowards (Chorus), she obeys the laws of the gods and is careless about the mortal law's penalty, her own death. She explains to her sister that her reward after death would reflect on her nobility and values while she was alive. "So, do as you [Ismene] like, whatever suits you best I will bury him myself. And even if I die in the act, that death will be a glory" (Sophocles 1045). She also admits that her departure from the mortals' world would help her escape her miserable life (referring to her family loss). She is just too perfect to be a tragic hero; she only does what is right, and her death is not seen as a tragedy and yet, a benefit. What are left on my thoughts are the reasons that make Creon more tragic than Antigone. Is it relevant to analyze which of the characters suffered more to realize right from wrong? Which one basically lost almost everyone in the family due to arrogance, stubbornness and pride? Creon is the only one considered the tragic hero because he comes from the highest level of the social status; he is "neither perfect or ultimate evil" (http://www.md-1.com/ib/tragichero.html), he is stubborn, and he also reflects a personality full of pride. By being the king of Thebes, he is in a position of great power, nobility, responsibility, and influence. He occupies some sense of morality and also states nobility by defending and protecting his city over everything he encounters opposing his rules. He is very clear when he says "These are my principles. Never at my hands will the traitor be honored above the patriot" (Sophocles 1048). Creon is a very fair and excellent ruler; he punishes the wrong and rewards the good. "But whoever proves his loyalty to the state I'll prize that man in death as well as life" (Sophocles 1048). On the other hand, the character is not perfect. His choice of punishment, refusing and demanding that nobody is allowed

Brain

Brain Introduction Through a recent approach done in the educational literature, brain based learning is associates with the structure and the relation of the functioning of the brain. The researchers of this approach have come up with principles concerning the brain and how it relates with learning (Kahveci Ay, 2008).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Brain-Based Learning Principles and Strategies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The values of brain based learning offers a theoretical framework for an efficient learning and the teaching process, providing the best conditions in which learning occurs in the brain. These principles guide the instructors to prepare and decide on the best learning surroundings, based in neurobiology (Ozden Gultekin, 2008). Brain-based learning illustrates the performance of the brain and considers the rules and regulations of the brain for meaningful learning. The most vital function of the b rain is to learn, which acts as any other part of the human organs. The brain has limitless capability for learning. Therefore, the functions of the brain are vital for the efficiency of learning. This means that in order to have effectual learning, the brain must be functioning well (Kahveci Ay, 2008). The instructors, who perform their duties in teamwork with the neurobiologists, combine their facts concerning the functions of the brain and they adapt them to the learning principles of the brain (Ozden Gultekin, 2008). Principles and strategies of brain-based learning One of the principles based on the brain learning suggests that effectual learning is only achievable trough practicing and taking into considerations the real life events. Through this, the brain will be more expressive and will uphold the processes in search of meaning and patterning (Ozden Gultekin, 2008). Research has shown that when the brain conveys its pattern making behavior, it will create coherency and t he meaning. When the learning activity associates with the physical experience, learning becomes efficient. In addition, an environment of total immersion in a multitude of complex interactive experiences makes learning possible. This comprises the traditional methods used in instructing and the analysis as part of the larger practices (Lackney, 2011).Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Research done concerning the brain reveals that association of the brain and emotions helps individuals to recall and remember the memories preserved in the central nervous system. The limbic system and the neo-mammalian brain happen to be the home place where emotions originate. The Sensory data relayed to the thalamus in the midbrain acts as a relay station to the sensory cortex (Lackney, 2011). The two organs that are integral to the learning procedure and the individuals’ capability to stay focused in their surroundings are the amygdala and hypothalamus. The emotional stimulus highly stimulates the interpretation of curriculum in both the student and the teacher. From this, two opportunity routes may happen, one involving the conscious brain, which comprises the prefrontal cortex and the other one including the shorter, faster route, which comprises of the amygdale (Rushton Juola, 2008). An environment that offers the students with choice and empowerment, enhanced by the usage of hands-on, differentiated instruction, permits the students to be responsible for their learning, thereby involving several parts of the brain. With such surroundings, there is a possibility of provision of aid in the thickening of the myelination sheaf, development of neurons and stimulation of serotonin and other neurochemicals, which enhances the child’s welfare. The development of the brain, supported by efficient teachers, encourages children to make new discoveries in stra tegized surroundings that enhance student autonomy (Rushton Juola, 2008). The brain friendly places are where the learning in the brain occurs, normally called the brain-based classrooms. These learning classrooms happen to be the perfect learning environments where the brain roles and responsibilities in learning occur in terms of training and learning procedures. In these classes, learners get submerged into difficult and stressful experiences. Most people assume that in the brain classrooms, learners are unique and the previous knowledge given to them acts as a baseline to new learning.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Brain-Based Learning Principles and Strategies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Utilization of different strategies in learning is of paramount importance for it will enable the learner to feel safer in the learning surroundings and it will provide the learners with different explanations. This wil l also enrich learning and the educators will have wider knowledge for the learning process (Ozden Gultekin, 2008). To activate emotions and learning, the brain requires difficulties or a surrounding that creates stress. Generation of stress in the brain enhances a survival imperative. However, too much stress and anxiety hinders chances created for learning. On the other hand, too little stress makes the brain to be more relaxed and comfortable and this enhances easy learning. Relaxed alertness is a term that refers to the brain state for optimal learning. This means that as the designers and the instructors require creating opportunities that are not only secure to learn, they also flash some emotional interests through celebrations and performance of rituals (Lackney, 2011). Conclusion Brain-based learning is a perfect strategy for helping students in all levels enhances their learning capabilities. Pioneers of this learning strategy developed twelve basic principles of the brai n that helps in producing efficient learning. Brain-based learning also stresses the importance of exercising the brain as a major strategy of this approach. In addition, it utilizes the purpose of emotions and stressful circumstances, which help in the earning process. This approach also comprises of learning environments for instance brain-based classrooms where instructors and students engage in an interactive process. References Kahveci, A. Ay, S. (2008). Different Approaches –Common Implications: Brain-Based And Constructivist Learning From A Paradigms And Integral Model Perspective. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 5, 3, 124-129. Lackney, J.A. (2011). Twelve Design Principles Based on Brain-based Learning Research. Web.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Ozden, M. Gultekin, M. (2008).The Effects of Brain-Based Learning on Academic Achievement and Retention of Knowledge in Science Course. Electronic Journal of Science Education, 12, 1: 3-19. Rushton, S. Juola, A. (2008). Classroom Learning Environment, Brain Research and the No Child Left behind Initiative: 6 years later. Early Childhood Educational Journal, 36, 87-92.

Landslides Essays - Landslides, Environmental Soil Science

Landslides Essays - Landslides, Environmental Soil Science Landslides Causing $1-2 billion in damages and more than 25 deaths per year, landslides are a major geologic hazard, caused by earthquakes and floods. Although, landslides are generally not as exciting or costly as earthquakes, major floods, tropical storms, and other natural disasters, they occur in more expanded places and may cause more property damage than any other geologic hazards. A wide variety of ground movements, such as rock falls, slope failure, and shallow debris flows can classify landslides. When a portion of a hill slope cannot support its own weight a landslide will occur. When rainfall or some other water source increases the water content of the slope the weakness is irritated, reducing the strength of the materials. Although gravity acting upon an increased slope is the main reason for a landslide, there are other elements that contribute to its cause. Loud sounds that occur during an earthquake also cause landslides. Erosion caused by rivers, glaciers, or ocean waves create oversteepened slopes. Heavy rains and melting snow weaken rock and soil slopes. Furthermore, vibrations from machinery, traffic, and even thunder may trigger failure of weak slopes. Excess water can run through slope material and can cause a debris flow or mud flow. The rock and mud left over after a landslide may pick up anything in its path, such as trees, houses, and cars, causing bridges and tributaries to become blocked which causes flooding throughout its path. Even though, the natural cause of most landslides is unable to be stopped, geologic investigations, good engineering practices and effective enforcement of land-use management regulations can cut back landslide danger. Landslides effect every state in the United States territory. The Appalachian Mountains, the Rocky Mountains and the Pacific Coastal Ranges and few parts of Alaska and Hawaii have intense landslide problems. USGS marine scientists have recently identified over fifteen giant landslides surrounding the Hawaiian Islands. These slides are some of the largest known on Earth, and most have taken place throughout the past four million years. The youngest landslide is estimated to have occurred only one hundred thousand years ago, and there is evidence today that large blocks of the island are starting to slide, causing enormous earthquakes. Each landslide that has happened over the bast four million years has ended with huge land loss and gigantic waves that move rocks and se diments up to 1000ft above sea level. The geologic hazards are important to learn about because, they don't occur as frequently as volcanoes or other disasters, they have potential to destroy lives, property, and natural

Metaphoric comparison of Audi Manufacturing Essay

Metaphoric comparison of Audi Manufacturing - Essay Example These expressions vary depending upon the need. However, these expressions help in creating a perception of the organisation; provide information that may be used for further diagnosis of the organisation; and provide an experience of the organisation’s disposition from an emotional, sensory, and understanding perspectives. The present context of analytic study is based on exploration of the luxury car manufacturing giant, Audi manufacturing, from three different metaphoric perspectives namely, organisations as machines, organisations as intricately woven meshes and organisations as processes of flux and transformation. The process of exploration is based on literature review associated with these metaphoric expressions and information related to the manufacturing giant. In this process, besides understanding the meaning and application of these three metaphoric expressions to Audi manufacturing, critical reflection on the positive aspects of metaphoric explanations and weakne sses associated with respective metaphors will be undertaken. Originated in Germany, Audi stands as one of the top brands of luxury car manufacturers in the world. ... To possess an Audi, customers willingly wait for long time, which explains its level of success and popularity. Audi’s employees number about 60,000 across the all its production and service centres. Organisations are complex structures that function based on numerous systems, procedures, policies and practices, and requires a variety of skilled personnel that need to continuously learn and upgrade their skills in order to cater to changing external and internal demands. Hence, organisations are constantly challenged with ambiguity and uncertainty, and therefore require constant adaptation. These are achieved by constantly changing the work processes, systems, skills as well as places in contemporary times. These ever-changing patterns coerce management researchers to constantly scrutinize the internal and external environment, which ultimately result in various understandings as perceived by different individuals. These reflective perceptions have resulted in various metaphor ic expressions of contemporary organisations. On one hand, these images provide insightful information about the organisation, and on the other, they have potential to present distorted image of the organisation. Both, imminent information and distorted images have to be considered in arriving at meaningful outcomes or studies of organisations that can be of practical importance in implementing measures that could be beneficial to the business, employees and/or society and environment. The present study is aimed at understanding Audi Manufacturing through the lenses of three different metaphors, which are aptly applicable to this manufacturing giant. These finding may be used to understand the impact of metaphors on development of theory

The Strengths, Weaknesses and Uses of the Economic Value Added (EVA) Essay

The Strengths, Weaknesses and Uses of the Economic Value Added (EVA) Mode - Essay Example Economic Value Added (EVA) EVA is a relatively new technique of measuring financial performance of companies. This tool relies on three basic elements which are Net Operating Income adjusted after taxes (NOPAT), the investment amount and the weighted average cost of capital (Hansen & Mowen, 1997). EVA can be calculated as: EVA = After tax operating income – (investment in assets x weighted average cost of capital) The amount calculated under EVA is an absolute dollar amount. The amount calculated can be either have a positive value or can have negative value. The positive value shows that the organization has remained successful in generating more Net Operating Income After Tax (NOPAT), well covering the cost of investments that were employed. On the other hand, negative values shows organization’s failure in recovering the costs of investment as its cost of investments exceeded the Net Operating Income After Tax (NOPAT). Obtaining the positive value of EVA is the core objective of any organization. Strengths of EVA EVA has significant strengths which have increased its popularity tremendously. In the following discussion, more attention will paid on different aspects of EVA. 1. Better Measure EVA has turned out to be a better measure in terms of performance measurement of different stakeholders in organizations. ... In order to achieve personal and individual goals, the broad objectives and goals of organization are put aside courtesy this technique. However, EVA is the technique which measures the performance of financial managers in an absolute dollar amount. This technique explains the absolute value added by the financial managers to their divisions and the organization as a whole. So the financial managers try to increase the EVA in comparison with other financial mangers to exceed the amount of EVA as much as they can, this effort causes benefits to financial managers, their divisions and the overall organization. 2. Absolute Measure of Performance One of the most promising strengths of EVA is that is explains the amount of value added by the financial managers in an absolute dollar amount. Other techniques such ROI measures performance in relative percentage terms which is not a true reflection of the performance of financial managers. The reason behind the failure of relative measures is that they do not take into account the size of amounts on which they are based. There are likelihoods that a financial manager earning too much with a huge amount of investments behind him/her, yet he/she end with lower ROI as compared to that financial manager who is responsible for lower magnitude of amounts. As a result, the true performance cannot be reflected if relative measures are used. On the other hand, EVA exactly explains the specific dollar amount that is added to the organization as a whole. 3. Similar to NPV This technique is very much similar to that of Net Present Value technique. In finance, the NPV technique has the importance of

Student-Centred Educational Philosophy Essay Example for Free

Student-Centred Educational Philosophy Essay Educational Philosophy 1. 1 Introduction There are five main philosophical schools of thought in education which are essentialism, perennialism, progressivism, existentialism and reconstructionism. However, here I have only chosen the philosophies which believe in student-centred approach. There are three philosophies that hold the similarity of being less authoritarian and placing the students as the centre in learning process. These three philosophies reject essentialism and do not agree with traditional mediums of teaching. They are recontructionism, progressivism, and existentialism 1. Reconstructionism Reconstructionism is an important contribution of Theodore Brameld in the world of educational philosophy. Brameld in his book, ‘Education as Power’, says â€Å"education has two major roles: to transmit culture and to modify culture. In reconstructionism, education is seen as a way to bring out positive changes in society. The educational purpose of reconstructionism is to create social reform in which education serves as a mean to make people view society with a critical eye. Learners should never settle for what is but have to do critical thinking and dream of what should be. This branch of philosophy strives for a constant and positive change for the betterment of the society. A famous reconstructivionist, Paulo Freire (1921-1997) sees teaching and learning as a process of inquiry in which the child must invent and reinvent the world. Theodore Brameld (1904-1987) and Paulo Freire (1921-1997) . Source: Google Image. The goal of reconstructionist learning is that the students themselves should conceive the good future. The students receive education as a preparation for their role in the future. Therefore, it is important for students to experience and taking social action on actual problems. Students should be willing to spend time in the community to learn its problems. Rote learning, memorization and direct-method are not preferable in recontructionism. Besides, reconstructionist students should possess a high sense of duty towards society. They are then are expected to be the leaders of reformation in society to form an observant, inquisitive, open-minded and highly capable society. As education should prepare students to become agents for change, reconstructionism philosophy believes that teachers must convince their students of the validity and urgency of the reconstructionist solution. However, teachers must do so with scrupulous scrutiny for democratic procedures. At the same time, learning process should enable the learners to be in control of their own fate and able to make social reform. 1. 2 Progressivism Source: Google Image Progressivism is the educational application of a philosophy called pragmatism. John Dewey refined pragmatism and applied to education, which later became known as progressivism. Progressivism believes that school should encourage cooperation, not competition. According to Dewey, democracy and freedom are far superior to the traditional political ideas. He viewed progressive schools as a working model of democracy. In curriculum, progressivism also holds the same view as reconstructinism which the selection of subject content depends on the skills that will be needed in future society. This is because knowledge taught must help people to adapt to change. Progressivists believe that individuality, progress, and change are fundamental. In Progressivism, education is not to prepare students to live; it should be life itself. Learning should focus on understanding and action, not rote knowledge. Thus, it is believed that problem solving is the most effective way. As similar to reconstructinisim philosophy, progressivism prefers varied learning resources and it also views the best way to learn is through direct experience with the environment. As this philosophy puts more concern on students, teacher is seen as an advisor, not a director. The progressive teacher aids students in learning by helping students formulate meaningful questions and devise strategies to answer them. The answers are discovered from real world experience instead of mere reading or theories. 1. 3 Existentialism Among the three philosophies, existentialism has the highest degree of importance on the learners. Soren Kierkegaard is considered to have been the first existentialist philosopher though he himself did not use the term. He proposed that each individual is solely responsible for giving meaning to life. It is Jean Paul Sartres that formulates the term existentialism. Existentialists argued that traditional approaches to philosophy do not adequately respect the uniqueness of each individual. This philosophy is against the views of any existence of authoritative truth about metaphysics, epistemology, and ethics. In existentialism, it is strongly believed that every individual is responsible to decide what is true or false† and right or wrong, Soren Kierkegaard (1813-1855). Source: Google Image. The educational goal of existentialism is education should challenge people to create personal meanings of their own design which means that the others’ interpretations should not be imposed on them. Learning activities will be organized around students requests. Although existentialist educators provide some curricular structure, students have great latitude in their choice of subject matter. In an existentialist curriculum, students are given a wide variety of options. The curriculum often emphasizes the humanities as to provide students with experiences that will in developing creativity and self-expression. However, there is no rigidness of curriculum. As Learners should have a voice in deciding how the school operates, school is not the institution for transmitting the core culture, but as a experimental lab for students to realize their individuality before improving the society at a larger extend. Education should emphasize field trips and experiential learning as ways to help the youth explore the world and seek their own meaning. The role of teachers is to expose students to many ways and life options in helping them defining their own essence. Besides, teachers facilitate students by creating a stress free classroom with positive atmosphere. Existentialism centres vast concern on students with high respect to their personal perspectives and freedom more than any other educational philosophy. 2. 0 Teaching Approach 2. 1 Introduction In teaching English as a second language (ESL) classroom, there are a variety of teaching methods and approaches. Over the years, many different teaching approaches have been developed to match students’ need. Here is student-centred method that concerns more on students during educational process. Therefore, this approach acknowledges and agrees with the three philosophies mentioned earlier. 2. 2 Communicative approach. Communicative approach is a famous and recent approach in ESL learning. In fact, many ESL books seem to claim that they are based on this approach. The communicative approach is believed to have taken place in language learning in the 1970s. The pressure was put on educators when there was a rise in the number of people wanting to learn foreign language for personal reasons. Many of the teachers realized the importance of switching their traditional teaching method towards a better method that prefers application of language in an active learning environment. In ESL class, communicative approach believes that learning of language is most successful when learners are involved in real communication as they can develop natural strategies in language acquisition. As a result, there will be more emphasis on skills than systems. The syllabus is based on functional development not structural development. In communicative approach, teachers will not do drilling or repetition method but focus on constructing real life situations in classroom. This agrees with reconstructionism philosophy that is to bring the world inside the classroom. Therefore, teachers will vary the use of authentic materials. Communicative approach believes that teachers will have to maximize the opportunities for learners to communicate. Students are encouraged to interact with one another, doing given tasks in pairs on in groups. This is in unison with progressivism understanding that school should encourage cooperation, not competition. Teachers are only there to monitor and facilitate them without interference and give feedbacks after they have done. This is also in par with progressivism philosophy that is teachers are rather advisors, not directors. As students learn through trial and error process, teachers of communicative approach should always tolerate mistakes. It is important for teachers of communicative approach to apply tactfulness and creativity in teaching. . 3 Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) is not a new approach in ESL methodology but a medium which helps English teachers to be more affective and engaging with students. Since the 1960s, computers have been used for language teaching. CALL is a tool that combines many advantages such as enabling students to have experiential learning, motivation, achievement, authentic materials for studyin g, wider interaction, individualization pace, greater source of information, and global understanding. There are three main stages for CALL. As CALL can be successfully applied not only for grammar practice but also for communicative activities, communicative CALL has been established in 1970 with the spread of communicative approach. For reconstructionists, bringing real life problems or issues to students is important in learning process. CALL helps in facilitating the students to be involved in the actual situation. Decision making, asking for advice, agreeing and disagreeing, and compromising with friends are some tasks that need authentic settings. Internet especially social media such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Skype and blogs connects the students with people of all around the world. Thus, students who are second language users of English can even communicate with native speakers and polish communicative skill in English. Computer-assisted language learning (CALL) provides an effective learning environment. The advancement of speech and language technologies has opened new perspectives on CALL. Students can practice in an interactive manner using multi-media content. CALL inherently supports students’ autonomy, which places the students firmly in control so that they can decide their own goal and pace in self-learning. Therefore, students have the freedom in learning and this agrees with existentialism philosophy that students should create their own personal meanings through education. Source: Google Image It has been described in reconstructionism philosophy that teachers must be familiar with the constant change. Students of 21st century are knowledgeable in the use of computer and web learning. Y-generation is equipped with modern gadgets and most of the students are even more advance in technology than their teachers. Thus, teachers of modern approach should update themselves with recent developments of technology. By using Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) as a tool in teaching, teachers can help students become more involved in the task and monitor students’ progress with the help of computer. 4. 0 Personal Educational Philosophy 4. 1 Introduction My very own educational philosophy is my answers about why, what and how I will be teaching, and about the nature of learning and teaching. It is my personal set of principles that guides my professional actions now and surely later in life when I become a teacher. As I read and learn educational philosophies of the Western scholars, I realize the importance of having my own school of thought. My life experiences, values, environment and interactions are the aspects that will continuously shape my personal philosophy in education. 4. 2 Influence of educational philosophies Educational philosophy that attracts me the most is progressivism. To a certain extent, I also agree with reconstructionism and existentialism. As we can notice, these philosophies centre on students during teaching and learning process. When I was a school student, I had always love teachers who acknowledge students’ opinions and attend to their students’ questions with patience and compassion. This kind of teachers receives back the love, trust and respect that they put on students. I believe that educators who are authoritative and using traditional approach are boring and fail to develop intimate relationship with their students. This will then affect the sharing of knowledge between the teachers and their students. Other than that, progressivism is in accordance with my own view of life. I believe that life is a continuous educational process. As I explained earlier, progressivist believes education is not to prepare students to live; it should be life itself. We can never stop learning as we pick up new things every single day, be it useful ones or not. Learning process is not limited to the syllabus or fixed curriculum at school, but a thorough process covering almost everything we do for betterment of self. Coincidently, we improve our society and our nation at large. This agrees with reconstructionism which aims for social reformation for more positive change. 4. 3 Defining Education in own words Education is an eternal process in bringing out the best in ourselves and others, be it formally or informally which results in positive development of every individual in terms of thinking and action. Learning and teaching are two inter-dependent mechanisms that make up education. Learning is self-seeking enlightenment and progression which take place with the help of guidance while teaching is sharing of ideas and insights to grow new and more powerful wisdom. Education is never to build competition with other people around but within oneself. It is also a tool to free human beings from hatred and sufferings. Education is also the reasoning of the past and a way of fulfilling future dreams and hopes. Elaboration: My personal meaning of education implicitly tells my philosophy of education. It shows how I perceive education which acts as a baseline on my actions. It is clear that I view the purpose of education as a lasting way to be better in life. It is never limited to what I learn formally but covers everything that I do that helps in self-betterment. I believe learning is self-seeking progression which means nobody has the power to force someone to learn unless that person is willing to seek knowledge. I also believe teaching is sharing which means it is a two way process. Other than that, from the above philosophy, I suggest that education is not to create competition with others but within oneself which means we have to aim to be better than yesterday, not to be better than other people. I also view education as a hope to bring peace and happiness in this world as it widens our perspective. Lastly, I see education as a present gift that helps in accepting the past wholeheartedly and building the strength of tomorrow. 4. 4 Methods My personal educational philosophy is in accordance with communicative approach that has been explained earlier. As a future ESL (English as a second language) teacher, teaching language means to share and apply the knowledge of English with others. It is important to motivate my students to communicate efficiently in English by building a strong rapport with them and being a good role model to the students. I will create a pressure-free class so that students feel comfortable to speak and voice out opinions. Learning language is not just a matter of knowing grammatical structure but also as a medium to share about cultures and develop values. I would like to set an enjoyable and active learning environment for the students in classroom. This can be done by doing a handful of games and activities but imparting the knowledge altogether. Some activities that I can do for the students are role-playing, debating, guessing games, quizzes with rewards and many others. A lot of the time, I will let the students do their task in pairs of groups so that they can interact and share ideas with one another. As language is inseparable with the real world, I will encourage the students to use the language outside the class and school compound. The use CALL (Computer-assisted Language Learning) is also vital. Therefore, my students will be encouraged to communicate in virtual world such as blog and Facebook. I can venture into my students’ thoughts more personally and make it easier for me to facilitate them in their progress. At the end of the day, the main objective which to improve the students’ level of English can be achieved successfully. At the same time, the students have also flourished their minds with positive thinking and developed learning skills to be use throughout life. They are then become the future generation whom is excellent and competent both locally and internationally. 4. 4 Conclusion There is no general agreement on what human beings ought to learn in order to have the best in life. There will also be continuous debate whether education should focus on cognitive development or character development first. I have also aware that there are different needs and styles given by different group of students. Thus, I may have to vary and adapt my methods when encountering my student at different level. The tendency to stick to merely one philosophy among all other philosophies discussed may bring flaws. Thus, a variety of teaching methods and adapting my philosophy over time are highly required.

homelessness Essay -- essays research papers

All over America, there are people wandering the streets without a home. These individuals are seen as a crowd, a separate collective existence. They are called the homeless, as if that defines who they are, but we too often neglect to add the unspoken word in that title: people. It seems today that the more fortunate citizens of America who have a roof over their heads have forgotten their innate responsibility to watch over those in this world whom are incapable of caring for themselves. Tragically, â€Å"thirty to fifty percent of the homeless have severe mental illnesses† (Torrey 1). These individuals live life in such a way that few people in this world could possibly even begin to compare their hardships. The fact that they survive completely independently, most without the medication they need, is bewildering. The problems resulting from the lack of attention given to the homeless who are mentally ill can be solved through the establishment of better health clinics, an d stricter laws involving patient care. If more clinics were to be established specializing in the mental health of the homeless, then the attention could be given to them that they need. E. Fuller Torrey, author of â€Å"The Homeless Mentally Ill Should Be Forced To Receive Treatment† describes the habits and reasons for the incredible amount of mentally ill homeless: â€Å"They sleep, importune strangers, gesture to imaginary accomplices, shout angrily at the wind, forage through cans, and sit quietly with glazed ey...

Haefren Baum Business Analysis Essay

Haefren Baum is a furniture retailer, established in 1965 and was incorporated in 1970. Haefren Baum receives its merchandise from Wiegandt GmbH Cologne, a nearby manufacturer, whose business relationship equals over twenty-seven years. The company has one retail location in Cologne, Germany and three recently constructed outlet stores in nearby suburban areas. Demand and product sales are influenced by consumer discretionary income. In 1993, an economic bust in the German economy resulted in a major dip in GDP. Demand for the industry is cyclical and is influenced by the overall economy. There is no evidence of seasonality. In response to the German economic downturn in 1993, the company began to open outlets with wide selections and lower prices to maintain sales volume. This was a trend used by all in the industry, but sales volumes were not affected and remained flat. As the German economy recovered, Haefren Baum’s business began to see fierce competition from European furniture retailers. This was a concern for the Wiegandt, who saw its retailers losing market share, and began aggressively advertising its brand. The strategies involving aggressive branding and offering wider selections at lower prices proved to be unsuccessful, mainly due to the influx of competition. Operations Analysis: Haefren Baum being a retailer needs a large amount of inventory and assets in order to generate sales. To turn profits, the company needs to be efficient in both inventory management and asset turnover. Recently, the Haefren Baum is showing very high values for inventory days, and an overall decline in its TAT and FAT ratios. Figures for total and fixed asset turnover steadily decline from 1993-1995. These figures could be a result of the expansion and building of outlet stores, as well as slower sales. Total assets turnover equals 2.1 in 1993 to 1.5 in 1995. As for fixed asset turnover, 1993 equals 6.98 to 5.39 in 1995. Haefren Baum’s land investment has remained constant over this period, but buildings and equipment investments have changed, again a result from the building of the three outlet stores. Inventory days  show and increase from 103 in 1993 to 129 in 1995. Such a dramatic change shows that the firm is getting less efficient in managing its inventory, which could be a result of increasing competition throughout the industry. The average collection period has also shown significant increases, going from 53 days in 1993 to 77 days in 1994 and 1995. It seems that Haefren Baum has had difficulty obtaining capital due from customers. The overall operations of the company seem to be lacking proper efficiency due to the increase in inventory days and average collection period. The negative values for net income and results from the previous sentence conclude why the firm has seen a decrease and negative values for ROE and ROA. Financial Analysis: Haefren Baum’s strategy of selling product at lower prices seems to be ineffective in generating profits. The firm’s operating activities can be misleading, although it seems that it’s improving, the net figures are still negative. The increase in investing activities is explained by the recent construction of outlets, and is shown in the buildings and equipment account. The recent buyout from the other investors is shown in the payables from stockholders. Financing activities seem to be the source of funding for the firm. Haefren Baum’s liquidity has been mildly volatile. The current ratios for the firm have changed from 2.26 in 1993 to 2.53 in 1995. Accounts payable days saw a major increase going from 49 days in ’93, to 65 days in ’94. Although Wiegandt has been flexible with credit terms, Baum is far exceeding the net 30 terms and is not taking advantage of any discounts. Haefren Baum is showing high leverage risk with its debt to equity ratio of 5.84%, this is a problem due to the large debt compared to equity owned. The NPM of the company is zero, due to the failure to generate profits. The GPM, though positive, shows a steady decline in profitability. Haefren Baum is primarily using financing activities to maintain operations of the business. They are basically staying alive by debt, and will need to re-evaluate its processes to stay in business. Summary: Haefren Baum has been severely impacted by competition and the value of its inventory stemming from the economic downturn in 1993. The firm is producing negative cash flows and in turn producing zero profits. The construction and  building of the new outlet stores have no sales support and are eating profits with staggering mortgage cost. The firm needs to be more effective and efficient with inventory and credit lines. Arranging new credit terms in order to receive discounts and improve margins are in order for the firm to generate profits.

The Paradox of Morgan le Fay

In Arthurian legend and Celtic myths, Morgan le Fay takes on a wide range of identities and personas – she is sister, sorceress, wise mother, implacable nemesis, and later, grieving goddess – making her one of the most paradoxical and dynamic characters in lore and literature. Charlotte Spivack notes in Popular Arthurian Traditions that Morgana le Fay, beautiful and nurturing, first appears in the works of Geoffrey of Monmouth, as one of â€Å"the nine sisters of the holy isle of Avalon† (18). In some texts, she is sister or half-sister to the King Arthur, and in other literature, it is he with whom she begets a child, Morgan (Joe). She is a benevolent figure in the earlier British romantic verses, and it is her remarkable healing powers that make her so. In The Grail from Celtic Myth to Christian Symbol, Arthurian scholar Roger Looms notes that â€Å"There is no attribute of Morgan's better authenticated than her power of healing† (161). In later literature, her identity starts to change and she is portrayed as â€Å"a malicious master of the black arts† (Spivack 18). Maureen Fries notes, in â€Å"Female Heroes, Heroines and Counter-Heroes: Images of Women in Arthurian Tradition† that her degeneration in the later retellings of the myths stems from society’s changing outlook, as her traits start as noble skills of a goddess, and then morphs into the destructive magic of witches and sorceresses (13). Her powers and her role center towards the destruction of King Arthur, and she comes up with several elaborate ploys to kill him, all of which fail, not for want of clever and diabolic planning, but of fate, as in the case of the assassin she sent, whose horse trips on a hole (Spivack 31). However, she reverts to her nurturing goddess role, again playing the role of healer and protector to King Arthur, whose fate ultimately leads him, in his final moments, to her grieving care in the isle of Avalon (Fries 13). Although portraying a range of roles and intentions, it is the contradictions of Morgan le Fay that make her resonate in the Arthurian legends. Works Cited Fries, Maureen. â€Å"Female Heroes, Heroines and Counter-Heroes: Images of Women in Arthurian Tradition.† Popular Arthurian Traditions. Ed. Sally K. Slocum. Bowling Green, OH: Popular Press, 1992. Joe, Jimmy. â€Å"Morgan Le Fay.† Timeless Myths: Arthurian Women. 24 June 1999. 03 May 2008. ;http://www.timelessmyths.com/arthurian/women.html#Morgan;. Loomis Roger Sherman. The Grail from Celtic Myth to Christian Symbol. New York: Columbia University Library, 1965. Spivack, Charlotte. â€Å"Morgan le Fay: Goddess or Witch?† The Company of Camelot: Arthurian Characters in Romance and Fantasy. Eds. Charlotte Spivack and Roberta Lynne Staples. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1994.

Free Essays on Market

In his poem â€Å"Market,† Robert Hayden portrays a world in which the disparities between the rich and poor are immense and the desire of the poor for charity and mercy goes unmet. Rich and poor mix in this diverse market, but the rich do not help those in need. Hayden juxtaposes a poor, starving, â€Å"barefoot cripple,† who represents poor people in third-world nations, with the healthy and powerful tourists, who represent people in prosperous imperialistic nations, who have â€Å"walked on seas of money.† Despite a market scene full of life, waste abounds. Hayden papayas too ripe† , â€Å" rooting oranges† and, fragrant lilies and rooting flesh. Hayden demonstrates how, though there is much food available for purchase, it grows â€Å"too ripe†. Likewise, the turkeys on display are still alive because the natives cannot afford to buy them. This is analogous to many underdeveloped nations, who, despite having a wealth of resources, are unable to utilize them to their fullest potential due to a multitude of causes ranging from corrupt governments to foreign economic imperialism and capitalism. These poor countries, much as the beggars in the market, lack the economic autonomy to change their fate. The hungry and the beggar scrounge on the dirty ground searching for scraps. He asks for money from tourists. He is so desperate that his hunger isâ€Å"suppliant before the altars of mamey, pineapple, and mango†. He is crippled and he is jealous of tourists who have walked â€Å"on seas of money† their whole lives. It seems that he is comparing the tourists to God just as Christians think of Jesus as their savior, so do the beggar thinks that these rich tourists have the ability to save him from his poverty and suffering. The beautiful scent of carnations and lilies thinly veil the stench of a â€Å"dripping flyblown carcass† beneath them. The beggar is left to starve and compete with the â€Å"starveling... Free Essays on Market Free Essays on Market In his poem â€Å"Market,† Robert Hayden portrays a world in which the disparities between the rich and poor are immense and the desire of the poor for charity and mercy goes unmet. Rich and poor mix in this diverse market, but the rich do not help those in need. Hayden juxtaposes a poor, starving, â€Å"barefoot cripple,† who represents poor people in third-world nations, with the healthy and powerful tourists, who represent people in prosperous imperialistic nations, who have â€Å"walked on seas of money.† Despite a market scene full of life, waste abounds. Hayden papayas too ripe† , â€Å" rooting oranges† and, fragrant lilies and rooting flesh. Hayden demonstrates how, though there is much food available for purchase, it grows â€Å"too ripe†. Likewise, the turkeys on display are still alive because the natives cannot afford to buy them. This is analogous to many underdeveloped nations, who, despite having a wealth of resources, are unable to utilize them to their fullest potential due to a multitude of causes ranging from corrupt governments to foreign economic imperialism and capitalism. These poor countries, much as the beggars in the market, lack the economic autonomy to change their fate. The hungry and the beggar scrounge on the dirty ground searching for scraps. He asks for money from tourists. He is so desperate that his hunger isâ€Å"suppliant before the altars of mamey, pineapple, and mango†. He is crippled and he is jealous of tourists who have walked â€Å"on seas of money† their whole lives. It seems that he is comparing the tourists to God just as Christians think of Jesus as their savior, so do the beggar thinks that these rich tourists have the ability to save him from his poverty and suffering. The beautiful scent of carnations and lilies thinly veil the stench of a â€Å"dripping flyblown carcass† beneath them. The beggar is left to starve and compete with the â€Å"starveling...

How to Use a Volumetric Flask

How to Use a Volumetric Flask A volumetric flask is a piece of laboratory glassware that is used to prepare and measure chemical solutions. It is used to make up a solution to a known volume. Volumetric flasks measure volumes much more precisely than beakers and Erlenmeyer flasks. How to Recognize a Volumetric Flask A volumetric flask is characterized by a bulb and a long neck. Most volumetric flasks have flattened bottoms so that they can be placed on a lab bench or other surface, though some volumetric flasks have rounded bottoms and must be handled with special protective equipment. How to Use a Volumetric Flask To prepare a solution in a volumetric flask, follow these steps: Measure and add the solute for the solution.Add enough solvent to dissolve the solute.Continue to add solvent until you near the line marked on the volumetric flask.Use a pipette or dropper to fill the volumetric flask, using the meniscus of the solution and the line on the flask to determine your endpoint.Seal the volumetric flask and invert it to thoroughly mix the solution.

Leadership and Symbolism Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Leadership and Symbolism - Assignment Example As it is common to most leaders, leadership involves persuading people to follow a common goal which is of importance to an organization, or a group. For this reason, leadership is mainly seen as a persuasion. For persuasion to take effect by a leader to the followers, there must be communication. Communication is, on the other hand, the transfer of symbols by the leadership so that the followers can perceive it well and bring understanding that is capable of enforcing leadership commands (Vickery, 2012). Symbolic framework provides space for inspirational leadership that is capable of turning around an organization, especially in terms of creating a culture of highly motivated employees after the employees have been demotivated through layoffs, terminations and going through issues of lack of trust. Starcorp as a company has undergone employee layoffs, terminations as well as issues of lack of trust on their leaders brought about by their previous leaders. At the same time, as Starc orp is now faced with the new NASA project that they need to take up, there is great need of making the employees work in harmony and in motivation as that is the only way to produce good results from their new project. It is easy for employees to lose trust on their leaders when they see them laying off other workers and terminating their contracts. When such have happened, there is need for leadership that can give assurance to the employees about their job security as well as better pay in order to make them motivated once again.

Strategic Innovation In Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Strategic Innovation In Marketing - Essay Example Following the theory of Pasa and Shugan (1996. pp379), every large and established organization should hire specialist marketing expertise to reduce the risk of mistakes in marketing process thus leading to large damages due to sheer size. The author wishes to discuss some examples of such mistakes that a large & stable organization can commit in absence of specialist marketing expertise. What should be the knowledge & skills, style of working, mentoring and risk-taking attitude of the marketing specialist in order to avoid the risks of mistakes discussed herewith? This is the first set of discussion points proposed by the author. Woodman and Sawyer et al. (1993. pp309-310) presented "enablers" of innovation and creativity in an organization that finally leads to organization-wide creativity. These enablers have been mentioned. The author hereby proposes to discuss how these enablers can be planned and implemented in an organization. Does this require specialist & dedicated skills in an organization – like knowledge managers? This is the second set of discussion points proposed by the author. Connor (1999. pp1157-1158) justified that short-term strategies essentially are customer oriented and long-term strategies are essentially market-oriented. The author proposes a discussion to justify this. Is this classification applicable on retail markets only or else they are applicable in markets requiring long-term project or service engagements? This is the third set of discussion points proposed by the author.... They proved their hypotheses stating that organization can benefit out of individual creative performance if the group norms support open sharing of information, high risk taking behaviours, reward systems, and employment of organic organizational designs like matrix, collateral group structures, etc. The researchers argued that organizations can benefit out of the innovations and creative thinking by establishing "Enhancers" that promote them in the individuals & groups - like culture, strategy, structure, resources, rewards, funds, technology, etc. Professor Stephen Brown advocates for use of creativity techniques within an organization like brainstorming (group level), brain mapping (individual level), visualization, attribute listing, etc. Professor Stephen Brown argues that the innovators should imagine needs of customers that are not yet tapped and imagine new innovative offerings that can fulfill them. Connor (1999. pp1157-1158) argues that the innovations should be a mix of short term strategies as well as long term strategies whereby short term strategies are customer oriented and long term strategies are market oriented. They argued that companies should establish both customer oriented and market oriented strategies. This makes the innovation paradigm more complex as the output need to be an "innovation mix" for the business that can vary with the type of orientation being addressed. Companies with long term planning may be developing more innovative ideas but they cannot survive just by thinking long term as the show will carry on with the help of short term strategies. Professor Stephen Brown was largely criticizing the customer orientation whereby

An Overview Of The Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

An Overview Of The Law - Essay Example There are particular safeguards for expectant women. The Act disbars transsexual individuals from being incorporated in gender-specific programs if, by so doing, it would be a fair approach to realizing a legitimate objective. The disabled are also taken care of under the piece of legislation: for instance, organizations are obligated to make appropriate adjustments to the employment area, in order to accommodate the disabled in terms of the easy movement of the group. In light of these initiatives, the Equality Act 2010 is not a new legislation; rather, it seeks to strengthen the already existing non-discrimination legal structures in the country. Even though the Equality Act was crafted based the need to transform Great Britain into a society without discrimination, the lukewarm government response to the implementation of the legislation is likely to hinder the effort and spirit which pioneered its formation. As at now, the law, to some extent, has been rendered ineffectual follow ing the admission by the national government that only some sections of the statute would be put into effect when it was enacted in effect in 2010. The failure by the government to implement the legislation in totality undermines every assurance coalition officers ever gave rooting the philosophy of a non-discriminatory Britain. As intended, sections 71, 77 and 78 of the Act would have prompted big for-profit organizations to ascertain whether they have, within their jurisdiction, before 1970.... As at now, the law, to some extent, has been rendered ineffectual following the admission by the national government that only some sections of the statute would be put into effect when it was enacted in effect in 2010. The failure by the government to implement the legislation in totality undermines every assurance coalition officers ever gave rooting the philosophy of a non-discriminatory Britain. As intended, sections 71, 77 and 78 of the Act would have prompted big for-profit organizations to ascertain whether they have, within their jurisdiction, the discrepancies of pay across gender as witnessed in the country, before 1970 (John et al. 2010, pp21-36). The law had clear provisions that would eliminate pay secrecy, which were and may still be cited by the organizations to conceal discriminatory practices targeted at women regarding remuneration issues (Steele 2010, pp264-274). The government’s suspension of some sections of the law from implementation, arguably to facilit ate a review of the numerous clauses endorsed by legislature early in the second quarter of 2010 is not only suspect but a trigger for the continuation of discriminatory practices in the country. According to Steele (2010, p270), pressure groups and rights organizations, as well as non-governmental organizations indicate that refusing the implementation of the entire law was a clear pointer to the failure on the part of government to commit itself to a fair society. They argue that back-pedalling on the legal provision for multinationals and big organizations to reveal and act on any disparities in remuneration between feminine and masculine workers, negates the letter and spirit of a liberal and fair society. Additionally, the failure carry out gender pay appraisals is

Improving Health Literacy with Clear Communication Essay Example for Free

Improving Health Literacy with Clear Communication Essay Health literacy, defined as the ability to search, find, understand, evaluate and act on health information to promote, maintain and improve health in a variety of ways across the lifespan (Manafo Wong, 2013). Paasche-Orlow and Wolf proposed a conceptual model of this relationship that highlights the two-sided nature of health literacy: the role of self-care and personal skill development, and the importance of a therapeutic relationship between patient and healthcare provider. As two aspects operate together in promoting efficient health literacy outcomes, a top priority of health literacy for Canadians is having the necessary capacity, opportunity, and encouragement to collect and use health information efficiently; so, they can act as educated partners in their self-care (Manafo, 2013). Unfortunately, Canadians have a low level of health literacy, which associates with poorer health outcomes. Low health education interferes health promotion and well-being of the aging Canadian population (Poureslami, Rootman, Pleasant, FitzGerald, 2016). Enhancing individual health literacy skills is the next step in promoting the use and uptake of information available to support Canadians’ health and well-being (Manafo, 2013). Improved health literacy associated with reductions in risk behaviors for chronic disease, higher self-reported health status, and decreased health care utilization. (Poureslami, Nimmon, Rootman, FitzGerald, 2017). Due to the active communication between health care providers, who play an essential function in health promotion, management of chronic disease, and disease prevention, we can reach a sufficient level of HL of public (Poureslami, 2106). According to the Erickson’s model, middle age defines as the time between ages 35 to 65. Significant physiological and psychological changes that are gradual and inevitable may occur between the ages 40 and 65 years. The physiological and psychosocial changes presented in the middle adulthood may be accompanied by declining of physical strength and the awareness of mortality (Potter Perry, 2014). Chronic health disorders can arise as an issue accompanied by disability or disease. Successful chronic disease management (CDM) requires patient and health care provider collaboration in which health literacy is foundational. This partnership less effective when patients do not have the skills to process and act on health information and providers lack the skills and resources to deliver that information in ways that support comprehension and uptake (Poureslami, 2106). The aging population, especially among ethnic groups with chronic diseases, have been found to be at higher risk for misunderstanding their diagnosis, treatment plan, and instructions for self-management. It is crucial to understand better the role of the community and public health in supporting health literacy and chronic disease self-management. Creating community-based education and health public programs that mediate exchange and uptake information (FitzGerald, Poureslami, 2014). The source of many chronic health conditions, including type II diabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is behavioral. Furthermore, the successful control of chronic diseases, including asthma, relies on a patient\s activities and behaviors. Asthma can be well controlled when patients put maximum effort to manage exposures to triggers, maintain constant contact with health care providers, and follow specialists’ recommendations and treatments (Bender, 2015). Due to the therapeutic relationship between a nurse and a patient, a shared-decision-making approach has demonstrated positive results in practical application in asthma care (Bender, 2105). Providers who practice patient-centered care often utilize a shared decision-making communication plan to examine patients’ perspectives and involve them in making decisions about their health. According to the recent researching, higher adherence and low percentage of urgent care are recorded in the group of patients whose provider received the shared decision-making training in comparison with the other group of asthmatics whose symptoms got worst due to the routine care and guidelines management instructions. (Bender, 2015). Ineffective asthma management is costly for patients’ and taxpayers budget. According to the statistical numbers from National Health Survey of 2014, the number of patients with asthma increased by 28 % from 2001 to 2011. Moreover, the estimated cost of asthm a for taxpayers budget was $ 56 billion in 2007 (Mishra, Kashif, Venkatram, George, Luo Diaz-Fuentes, 2017). Asthma action plan (AAP) is highly recommended in addition to education to improve outcomes in asthmatics. â€Å"To improve asthma management and reduce the number of deaths from the condition, the national guidance recommends that patients are offered a written, personalized asthma action plan (Newell, 2015, p.12). The Asthma Action Plan provides information about asthma stages identifying when symptoms become worse, medication, and what to do in an emergency. The healthcare provider will write asthma plan with an explanation about right using of inhalers and elimination of all triggers (Newell,2015). The nursing process of writing AAP consists of four phases: assessing, planning, implementing, and evaluating (Newell, 2015). An individualized written action plan is adjusted to the patient’s asthma severity and treatment. Several studies have shown that asthma education improves outcomes like asthma-related emergency room (ER) utilization and hospitalization, unscheduled doct ors’ visits, days off work, and quality of life.

Jamaica Kincaids On Seeing England for the First Time :: On Seeing England for the First Time

Imagine your culture being thrown aside and a new one was all that was taught to you? How would you react to it? In this story the author, Jamaica Kincaid, is talking about how she reacted to this and what happened to her. The author grows up in a place where England colonization had taken place. She grew up in Antigua, a small island in the Caribbean. She is taught all her life about England, a place she has never seen. At an early age she started to realize that the English had taken over her culture. After many years of hating this country she had to see the place that had taught her a different culture and ideas. When she arrives there the hate for the country tripled and she starts to pick apart the entire place and everywhere she goes. As she moves through the countryside her feelings of hate start to show them self’s in her thought and words. The feeling of deja vu, she has been there before, starts to come in after all of the years of maps and description of the foreig n land. Through the use of emotional arguments and social appeal the author, Kincaid, gets the feeling across that she was a victim of England. To get you to feel like the victim she uses lots of metaphors. In the first paragraph she uses the one, â€Å"England was a special jewel all right and only special people got to wear it†(p.61). It is right here that the author sets the tone of the essay. She gives you the idea that she was not special enough to put on this gem of England. In doing this she makes a social appeal to anyone looking for a view of colonization. In using descriptive language she make you feel sorry for her in the how she had to â€Å"Draw a map of England†(p.63), at the end of every test. Everything she had was â€Å"Made in England†(p.62). It is here that Kincaid is trying to appeal to your emotions. She is trying to get you to think that she had no choice in her life about what kind of cloths she could where. Think of everything you own and where it is from. In her life every possible thing she had was from England. Once again Kincaid is trying to make England look like the evil country that ruined her life.

HBS Case: Hedging Currency Risks at AIFS Essay

Instructions: This case should be done individually. You should prepare a written analysis, and hand in two copies of your analysis on April 12 in class. Only hard copies of the case analysis are accepted. I will submit one of the copies to the Dean’s office for assessment purpose. Each student should also bring his/her own copy of the write-up to class, as well as the case itself, so that we can refer to the specifics in our discussion. The text analysis of your case should be about 3-5 pages (double-spaced). You should download the excel spreadsheet for the case at the Blackboard, complete the quantitative analysis using the spreadsheet, and attach the spreadsheet to your case write-up to support your arguments. Your write-up should begin with an opening paragraph that defines the main problem in the case and your recommended solution. The remainder of your paper should support your conclusion and recommendations. This support should be based on your definition of the problem and inferences that you draw from the facts of the case. Structure is important for your argument to be lucid and transparent. The grading will be based on the quality of your analysis and writing. Points will be deducted for grammar mistakes and typos. Your case should address the following questions: 1. What gives rise to the currency exposure at AIFS? 2. What would happen if Archer-Lock and Tabaczynski did not hedge at all? 3. What would happen with a 100% hedge with forwards? A 100% hedge with  options? Use the forecast final sales volume of 25,000 and analyze the possible outcomes relative to the â€Å"zero impact† scenario described in the case. 4. What happens if sales volumes are lower or higher than expected as outlined at the end of the case? 5. What hedging decision would you advocate? Key Problem The American Institute for Foreign Studies (AIFS) organizes study abroad programs and cultural exchanges for American students. The firm’s revenues are mainly in U.S. dollars, but most of its costs are in euros. AIFS sets guaranteed prices for its exchanges and tours a year in advance, before its final sales figures are known. If the dollar depreciates against the Euro during this period, AIFS’s cost would be higher when measuring in dollars, and negatively impact the firm’s profit. In order to hedge its foreign exchange exposure, AIFS can use an appropriate balance between forward contracts and currency options to achieve the goal. The Case with No Hedging If the exchange rate remains constant at $1.22/euros then AIFS will not incur a foreign exchange loss or a gain. It would cost $1220 per participant at this exchange rate. If the dollar depreciates against euro, the actual dollar costs would be above $1220, and then there would be a negative impact. If actual dollar costs were lower than expected, the impact would be positive. Thus, with a sales volume of 25,000 participants and the exchange rate rises to $1.48/euros then AIFS will be subject to a loss of $4,391,892. If the exchange rate drops to $1.01/euros then AIFS will save $5,198,020.